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			HotScience last updated: 19 February 2003 H... Holzapfel, S. 2001. Studies of the New Zealand root- parasite Dactylanthus taylorii (Balanophoraceae). Englera 22: 1–176. New research on flower anatomy, seed development, germination, vegetative reproduction, infection of host trees and genetic diversity of the endemic root-parasite Dactylanthus taylorii. A number of misinterpretations and generalisations in the literature about the family and the species itself are clarified. The anatomy of the female flower is described at various stages of development and the embryo of D. taylorii is described for the first time. Seeds are able to germinate without the presence of a host tree. RAPDs show genetic distinctness of even neighbour-ing populations and did not support the occurrence of monoecy in D. taylorii. Includes illustrations. /p> Holzapfel, S., Faville, M. & Gemmill, C.E.C. 2002. Genetic variation of the endangered holoparasite Dactylanthus taylorii (Balanophoraceae) in New Zealand. Journal of Biogeography 29: 663–676. Genetic variation among seventeen populations from the entire known range of the endemic root parasite Dactylanthus taylorii is studied using RAPDs. Markers show that all sampled populations are unique and can be grouped into two main clusters, corresponding to an eastern and western distribution separated by the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Observed genetic variation is predomi-nantly among as opposed to within populations and is not correlated with geographical distance below the regional scale. Results indicate long isolation and restricted gene flow among populations and are interpreted mainly as characteristics of the species. The role of vegetation disturbance through volcanism is discussed. /p> Husheer, S.W.; Coomes, D.A.; Robertson, A.W. 2003. Long-term influences of introduced deer on the composition and structure of New Zealand Nothofagus forests. Forest Ecology and Management 181: 99-117. This study uses data from ninety-two 20 m x 20 m permanent plots and three pairs of exclosure plots monitored for two decades in Kaimanawa Forest Park. Mountain beech forest composition has shifted towards browse-resistant shrub species, while intense deer browsing may have led to the development of turf-forming communities. In red and silver beech forests there was an increase in the stem densities of small trees that are unpalatable to deer. This is the first time in New Zealand that observed deer impacts in the understorey have been clearly related to changes in overstorey composition on a landscape scale.
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